Meningococcal disease

The pathogens of meningococcal diseases are bacteria.

Where do meningococci (Neisseria meningitidis) occur?

Humans are the only host of Neisseria meningitidis. Meningococcal disease occurs worldwide.

How does the infection occur?

Transmission occurs either by direct contact or by droplet infection. The incubation period (time from ingestion of the pathogens to illness) is usually three to four days; two to ten days are possible.

How long does the contagiousness last?

Contagiousness can still be expected 24 hours after the start of successful therapy.

What symptoms occur?

Meningococcal disease progresses in about half of the cases as purulent meningitis (high temperatures, headache, chills, dizziness, vomiting, neck stiffness and severe feeling of illness). In particularly severe forms, skin bleeding, seizures and coma occur.

How can I protect myself?

Antibiotic therapy (rifampicin) is recommended for all direct contacts (parents, siblings, grandparents). According to § 34 (3) of the Infection Protection Act (IfSG), contact persons are prohibited from working in community facilities. The Office of Health and Consumer Protection decides on the lifting of the ban. If outbreaks occur in children's facilities, chemoprophylaxis is administered to all children and educators.

Is there a preventive vaccination?

According to the STIKO vaccination recommendations, meningococcal vaccination is recommended for all children and adolescents. The vaccination should be given from the completed 12th month of life.